Everything about Venezuela First Republic totally explained
The
First Republic of Venezuela (
Primera República de Venezuela in
Spanish) was founded by
Simón Bolívar in 1811 during the
Venezuelan War of Independence from
Spain. The Republic was notable for being the first
Spanish-American colony to declare its independence.
History
On
April 18,
1810, agents of the
Spanish Regency Council arrived in the city of Caracas. After considerable political tumult, the local nobility announced an extraordinary open hearing at the City Hall, set for the morning of
April 19. On that day, an expanded municipal government of Caracas took power in the name of Ferdinand VII, calling itself The Supreme Junta to Preserve the Rights of Ferdinand VII (
La Suprema Junta Conservadora de los Derechos de Fernando VII) and consequently deposed Captain General
Vicente Emparán and other colonial officials. This initiated a process that would lead to the convention of a congress, which would declare absolute Venezuelan independence from Spain on
July 5,
1811. This situation consequently led to a civil war between Venezuelans whom were in favor of the new Republic and those still loyal to the Spanish Crown. Venezuelan emigré
Francisco de Miranda, who had returned to his homeland after the estblishment of the Junta, agitatied for independence and assumed command of the army and leadership of the Republic by 1812.
Civil War
Though the Council declared independence, the provinces of
Coro,
Maracaibo, and
Guayana remained loyal to the
Supreme Central Junta of Spain and the
Cádiz Cortes that followed it. The Junta in Caracas was led by
criollos, and wasn't able to appeal to the lower classes. The Junta didn't have much power in the newly declared republic, and the region plunged into civil war in 1812. Spanish Frigate Captain turned General
Domingo de Monteverde lead the Spanish forces into Republican territory, and a divided embattled Republic quickly fell. On
July 25,
1812, Generalissimo Francisco de Miranda capitulated to Monteverde.
Further Information
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